.svg){kind=logo}
Latvia, one of the three Baltic states, offers foreign nationals the opportunity to become Latvian citizens through naturalisation if they meet certain requirements. Gaining Latvian citizenship means you also become a citizen of the European Union, with the right to live, work, and study in any EU country.
However, Latvia’s naturalisation process is strict and requires applicants to demonstrate a genuine connection to the country, good integration, and knowledge of Latvian society and language.
Below is an overview of how Latvia’s citizenship by naturalisation works, including the key conditions and steps involved.
Who Can Apply for Latvian Citizenship by Naturalisation?
Generally, to qualify for Latvian citizenship by naturalisation, you must meet the following conditions:
-
Length of Legal Residence
You must have legally lived in Latvia for at least 5 years with a permanent residence permit. Temporary residence alone does not usually count towards this period. -
Permanent Residence Permit
You must hold a valid permanent residence permit at the time of applying. -
Age Requirement
You must be at least 15 years old to apply on your own. Parents or legal guardians can apply on behalf of minor children. -
Language and Civic Knowledge
You must pass a Latvian language test, showing sufficient knowledge of the national language.
You must also pass a test on the Latvian Constitution, the national anthem, and basic Latvian history. -
Means of Support
You must prove that you have a stable source of income or means to support yourself in Latvia. -
Good Character
You must not have a criminal record for serious offences and must not pose a threat to national security or public order. -
Oath of Loyalty
Applicants must pledge loyalty to the Republic of Latvia and renounce any previous citizenship, since Latvia generally does not allow dual citizenship (with some exceptions, such as for EU, NATO, or OECD countries, or for ethnic Latvians abroad).
How to Apply for Citizenship by Naturalisation
If you meet the eligibility criteria, you must follow these steps:
1. Prepare Required Documents
Typical documents include:
-
Valid passport and residence permit
-
Birth certificate
-
Proof of income or employment
-
Completed application form
-
Receipt for payment of the application fee
2. Submit Your Application
Applications must be submitted to the Office of Citizenship and Migration Affairs (OCMA) in person.
3. Pass the Required Exams
You will need to register for and pass:
-
The Latvian language test
-
The knowledge test on the Constitution and national anthem
-
The history test
Some applicants may be exempt from parts of the test — for example, seniors over a certain age or persons with disabilities.
4. Take the Oath of Loyalty
Once your application is approved, you must appear in person to take an oath of loyalty to Latvia.
5. Renounce Previous Citizenship
You will generally be required to renounce your previous citizenship unless you qualify for dual citizenship under Latvia’s limited exceptions.
How Long Does It Take?
Processing times can vary, but it often takes several months from the submission of your application to the final decision. Delays may occur if additional documents are needed or if the applicant fails the exams and needs to retake them.
Final Thoughts
Obtaining Latvian citizenship by naturalisation is an important step that requires a strong commitment to integrating into Latvian society. Applicants must show a clear legal residence history, sufficient knowledge of the Latvian language, and a good understanding of the country’s constitution and history. If you are considering applying, make sure to prepare well for the tests and meet all documentary requirements.
Disclaimer: This blog post is for general information purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. Citizenship laws and naturalisation rules may change. Always consult the latest information from the Office of Citizenship and Migration Affairs (OCMA) of Latvia or seek professional legal advice before making any decisions about applying for citizenship.
July 21, 2025
