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Many people believe that all European Union countries follow the same work permit rules. This is not true. The EU has common goals for labor mobility, but each country controls its own immigration system. Work permits, salary requirements, processing time, and eligibility can be very different from one country to another.
Understanding these differences is important for foreign workers who plan to move to Europe for jobs, internships, or long-term careers.
Why EU Work Permit Rules Are Different
The European Union allows free movement for EU citizens, but non-EU nationals need national work permits. Every country decides:
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Which professions are in demand
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Minimum salary for foreign workers
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Language requirements
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Recognition of qualifications
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Visa duration and renewal rules
This means a work permit approved in Germany does not automatically allow you to work in France or Italy.
Common Elements Across EU Countries
Although rules differ, some points are similar in most EU states:
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A valid job offer is required
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Employers must prove need for foreign hiring
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Health insurance is mandatory
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Clean criminal record is needed
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Proof of qualifications is checked
These are general principles, but the details change by country.
Examples of Country Differences
Germany
Germany offers the EU Blue Card and national work visas. Salary thresholds are high, and skilled qualifications are strictly checked. Many jobs require German language skills.
Poland
Poland has simpler procedures and allows work based on employer declaration. Processing is faster, and language requirements are lower.
Netherlands
The Netherlands uses the Highly Skilled Migrant program with recognized sponsors. Salary rules depend on age and profession.
Portugal
Portugal focuses on shortage occupations and has flexible residence options after work permits.
Can You Move Between EU Countries on One Permit?
No. A work permit is valid only in the country that issued it. To change countries, you must apply again under the new country’s rules. Only EU citizens have full freedom to work anywhere in the EU.
EU Blue Card – Is It the Same Everywhere?
The EU Blue Card exists in many countries, but conditions still vary:
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Minimum salary is different
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Processing time is not the same
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Some countries accept more professions
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Family reunion rules change
So even the Blue Card is not fully uniform across Europe.
What Foreign Workers Must Check
Before applying, every worker should verify:
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National shortage occupation list
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Minimum salary requirement
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Recognition of degree
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Language rules
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Possibility of PR and family reunion
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Processing timeline
Relying on another country’s rules can lead to visa refusal.
Best Strategy for Applicants
Choose the country based on your profile, not general EU information. A truck driver may find Poland easier, while an IT engineer may prefer Germany or the Netherlands. Each case must match national policy.
WorkPermitCheck helps compare EU countries, understand real requirements, and select the most suitable work permit route.
February 2, 2026
